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HelpTest Code HVPPS HIV-1 and HIV-2 Antibody Confirmation and Differentiation Prenatal, Serum
Ordering Guidance
This test is not suitable for follow-up testing of patients with reactive results from any rapid HIV tests, except for pregnant patients who were reactive by the Determine HIV-1/-2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid point-of-care test on serum or plasma (but not whole blood). Per the latest CDC recommended HIV testing algorithm patients with reactive results from any rapid HIV tests should be tested subsequently with laboratory-based HIV antigen and antibody combination immunoassays, such as HVPRS / HIV Antigen and Antibody Prenatal Routine Screen, Serum or HIVSP / HIV Antigen and Antibody Prenatal Routine Screen, Plasma.
If specimens are autopsy or cadaver blood sources, the proper US Food and Drug Administration-licensed assay is HV1CD / HIV-1 and HIV-2 Antibodies for Cadaveric or Hemolyzed Specimens, Serum.
New York State clients: This test should not be requested for maternal/newborn HIV screening on specimens originating in New York State, due to state regulatory requirements for expedited result reporting.
Necessary Information
Date of collection is required.
Specimen Required
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube: Serum gel
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1.5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Centrifuge blood collection tube per collection tube manufacturer's instructions (eg, centrifuge and aliquot within 2 hours of collection for BD Vacutainer tubes).
2. Aliquot plasma into plastic vial.
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Infectious Disease Serology Test Request (T916) with the specimen.
Reflex Tests
| Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| HPS12 | HIV-1/HIV-2 RNA Detect Prenatal, S | Yes | No |
Testing Algorithm
This test is for confirmation and differentiation of HIV-1/2 antibodies (Ab). If the following result types are obtained, HIV-1/HIV-1 RNA detection will be performed at an additional charge:
-Negative for both HIV-1 Ab and HIV-2 Ab
-Indeterminate for HIV-1 Ab but negative for HIV-2 Ab
-Negative for HIV-1 Ab but indeterminate for HIV-2 Ab
-Indeterminate for both HIV-1 Ab and HIV-2 Ab
-Positive for both HIV-1 Ab and HIV-2 Ab
For more information see HIV Prenatal Testing Algorithm, Including Follow-up of Reactive Rapid Serologic Test Results
Method Name
Rapid Immunochromatographic Assay
Specimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.8 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Serum | Frozen (preferred) | 30 days |
| Refrigerated | 6 days |
Reject Due To
| Gross hemolysis | OK |
| Gross lipemia | OK |
| Gross icterus | OK |
Clinical Information
AIDS is caused by 2 known types of HIV. HIV type 1 (HIV-1) is found in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex and in asymptomatic infected individuals at high risk for AIDS. The virus is transmitted by sexual contact, by exposure to infected blood or blood products, or from an infected mother to her fetus or infant. HIV type 2 (HIV-2) infection is endemic only in West Africa, and it has been identified in individuals who had sexual relations with individuals from that geographic region. HIV-2 is similar to HIV-1 in viral morphology, overall genomic structure, and its ability to cause AIDS.
Antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 are usually not detectable until 6 to 12 weeks following exposure and are almost always detectable by 12 months. They may fall to undetectable levels (ie, seroreversion) in the terminal stage of AIDS when the patient's immune system is severely depressed.
Routine serologic screening of patients at risk for HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection usually begins with an HIV-1/-2 antigen and/or antibody screening test, which may be performed by various US Food and Drug Administration-approved assay methods, including rapid HIV antibody tests, enzyme immunoassays, and chemiluminescent immunoassays. In testing algorithms that begin with these methods, supplemental or confirmatory testing should be requested only for specimens that are repeatedly reactive by these methods according to assay manufacturers' instructions for use.
Reference Values
Negative
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
1 to 3 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
CPT Code Information
86701
86702
87535 (if appropriate)
87538 (if appropriate)